How to Prepare an Oversize Freight Shipment

Know Your Dimensions and Weight

The first step in preparing an oversize shipment is to accurately measure your freight. You need the exact length, width, height, and weight of the cargo. In Texas, a load is generally considered oversize if it exceeds 8'6" in width, 13'6" in height, or 40' in length for a single unit. Overweight loads exceed 80,000 lbs gross vehicle weight. These limits vary by state.

Choose the Right Trailer

Based on your dimensions and weight, the right trailer type will be determined:

• Standard flatbed: For freight within legal dimensions but requiring open trailer.
• Step-deck (drop deck): For taller freight that exceeds standard flatbed height limits.
• RGN (removable gooseneck): For heavy equipment that can be driven onto the trailer.
• Multi-axle: For overweight loads that need weight distribution across more axles.

Obtain Permits

Every oversize or overweight shipment requires permits from the state DOT for each state it travels through. Permit requirements vary by state and include specific travel restrictions (time of day, day of week, holidays), route restrictions, and escort requirements. Your heavy haul provider should handle permit acquisition.

Plan the Route

Oversize shipments require route surveys to ensure the planned route can accommodate the freight dimensions. This includes checking bridge clearances, weight limits, road widths, construction zones, and any restrictions on certain highways. Route surveys are typically conducted by the heavy haul provider.

Arrange Escorts

Depending on the load dimensions and state requirements, you may need pilot cars or escort vehicles. Some states require escorts above certain width thresholds (typically 12 feet or wider). Escorts are also used for very long loads or loads that require lane closures.

Secure the Load

Proper load securement is critical for oversize freight. Use chains, straps, and bracing appropriate for the cargo weight and type. All securement must meet DOT regulations. Your heavy haul provider will handle load securement, but it is important to communicate any fragility or special handling requirements.